Life 2021-2027 | Saiba mais sobre as conexes, experincia profissional, formao . White House cybersecurity strategy stresses software safety These results suggest that the substrate hydrophobicity also favors conversion to the ester. In closed-loop chemical recycling, chemical transformations are used to cleave the polymer into its monomers (depolymerization), or to create a polymer with equivalent function12. On the final day of the Team Girls Cup, I went for a morning trip to Surfers Paradise for a swim and quality time with the family. Nat. 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"Climate action". Google Scholar. We demonstrate herein that our open-loop recycling approach to pressure-sensitive adhesives from superabsorbent polymers outcompetes the petroleum-derived syntheses on nearly every metric, including global warming potential and cumulative energy demand. At present, the environmental benefits of diaper recycling (including superabsorbent poly(acrylic acid) recovery) are dependent on the avoided material burdens52. Revista de Administrao Pblica 54, 678696 (2020). Article In addition, D.I.C. https://doi.org/10.25561/78670 (Imperial College London, 2020). Upgrading of postconsumer absorbent hygiene products for bioethanol production. J. sub-programme "Nature and Biodiversity". To monitor this process, we measured changes in the complex viscosity over time. Al-Aly, Z., Xie, Y. 1d). To probe whether the hydrophobic side chains also push the equilibrium towards esterification, atomistic simulations were used (Supplementary Information pgs S27S29)46,47. If material is not included in the articles Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Sci. Lancet 396, 367368 (2020). JAMA 324, 510513 (2020). performed all wet-lab experimental work under the guidance of A.J.M. 4a). July 4, 2022 life 2021 sap nat naturebritish white cattle for sale in washingtonbritish white cattle for sale in washington The authors thank Procter and Gamble (P&G) for supporting this work, as well as Ryan Hayes and Jonah Vilseck for assisting with simulations, Edwin Zishiri for assisting with synthesis, Gary Gilbertson, Bill Begley, and Yiping Sun for performing SEC on the PSAs, and Prof. Brian Love for his intellectual contributions. Z., Sohail, N., Hayes, R. L. & Brooks, C. L. Overcoming challenging substituent perturbations with multisite -dynamics: A case study targeting -secretase 1. Hong, M. & Chen, E. Y.-X. The G at each frequency describes an adhesives resistance to shear, and this term generally increases in samples with more chain entanglements (e.g., with increasing Mw). Carvalho, C. A., Viola, P. C. A. F. & Sperandio, N. How is Brazil facing the crisis of food and nutrition security during the COVID-19 pandemic? & Cameron, E. E. Suboptimal US response to COVID-19 despite robust capabilities and resources. Genomics and epidemiology of a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus, Brazil. U.S. Patent Application 2021/0054248 A1 (Februrary 25, 2021). Pereira, A. K., Oliveira, M. S. & Sampaio, T. S. Heterogeneidades das polticas estaduais de distanciamento social diante da COVID-19: aspectos polticos e tcnico-administrativos. Funding call: Nature Governance | EFSA - European Food Safety Authority The authors declare no other competing interests. B., Bell, J. Larger relative femalemale gaps were estimated for e65an increase of 16.3% in 2020 in Brazil and a 107% increase in 2020 in Amap. Innovation Place, CONNECTING However, this process utilizes expensive solvents (dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylformamide) and stoichiometric quantities of base (tetramethylguanidine), both of which would likely be too costly for large-scale recycling of waste superabsorbent materials. Plastics and the Environment. More specifically, we compared four different cradle-to-product LCA scenarios: poly(2-ethylhexylacrylate) production in the conventional industrial approach and three variations of the recycling process: (i) sonicating the 2.5% w/v polymer solution for 1min, (ii) sonicating the 5.0% w/v polymer solution for 2min, and (iii) no sonication of the 5% w/v polymer solution. The G at each frequency describes an adhesives ability to dissipate energy. PDF LIFE 2021 Nature and Biodiversity Calls for proposals for: Standard Lines represent changes for Brazil. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2019-11/documents/2017_facts_and_figures_fact_sheet_final.pdf (2019). 8, 1450414510 (2020). ADS Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R. & Law, K. L. Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made. Lancet Respir. GetScriptingEngine End If If Not IsObject (connection) Then Set connection = application. The reduction in life expectancy at age 65 (e65) in 2020 was 0.9 years, setting Brazil back to 2012 levels. Health 8, E1018E1026 (2020). We approximated the population at risk in 2021 by interpolating IBGE population projections to the mid-analysis period (1 March 2021). This approach was inspired by the similar structures of sodium polyacrylate (superabsorbent polymer) and the polyacrylates (pressure-sensitive adhesives) used in tapes, bandages, and sticky notes, among others23. {o"yQr8"2ioFq[V Codice fiscale e Partita Iva 10125211002 . Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Science 372, 815821 (2021). "Environment" area. We used three approaches to assess changes in life expectancy due to COVID-19. Marcia C. Castro. Vaccine 39, 34043409 (2021). Considering the large COVID-19 death toll in Brazil, with marked regional inequalities, our goal was to quantify the loss in e0 and e65 in 2020 and in the first 4 months of 2021 due to the pandemic. Google Scholar. Among the states, Amazonas, Rondnia, Roraima and Mato Grosso had the largest declines in e0 in both 2020 and 2021 (Fig. A new variant of concern (P.1, now called Gamma), which emerged in the city in November 2020, is estimated to be 1.42.2 times more transmissible than other lineages, and at least 17% of the P.1 infections in Manaus in 2021 were reinfections23,24. We compared the gap in life expectancy between males and females in the period life tables constructed for 2019 and 2020 (Methods). To calculate person-years for 2020, we first interpolated population projections, assuming exponential growth by age, sex and state, for the first day of each month in 2020. The resulting polymers were isolated in ~97% yield (over the two steps). We quantified the effect of COVID-19 on reversing the progress in mortality reduction since 2000 (Methods). & Bowe, B. High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. CAS Pocious, A. V. Adhesion and Adhesives Technology, 3rd ed. Several provisional patent and patent applications have been filed based on this work. 1b and Supplementary Table 2)5. Second, COVID-19 disrupted primary care services in Brazil27. We calculate three sets of estimates of life expectancy decline but argue that those based on the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020, which include all reported deaths in those 2 years, are the most defensible because they do not depend on accurate classification of cause of death, determination of whether the death was directly or indirectly due to COVID-19 or assumptions about independence among causes. 127, 289301 (2016). <>/XObject<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 960 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> March 2, 2023 - 6:00AM. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the project intends to improve the conservation status of Caretta caretta, thanks to the establishment of an international network, through the use of the best shared techniques and the use of a monitoring system. State acronyms by region: North: AC=Acre, AP=Amap, AM=Amazonas, PA=Par, RO=Rondnia, RR=Roraima and TO=Tocantins; Northeast: AL=Alagoas, BA=Bahia, CE=Cear, MA=Maranho, PB=Paraba, PE=Pernambuco, PI=Piau, RN=Rio Grande do Norte and SE=Sergipe; Center-West: DF=Distrito Federal, GO=Gois, MT=Mato Grosso and MS=Mato Grosso do Sul; Southeast: ES=Esprito Santo, MG=Minas Gerais, RJ=Rio de Janeiro and SP=So Paulo; South: PR=Paran, RS=Rio Grande do Sul and SC=Santa Catarina. Degrad. Soc. ISSN 1078-8956 (print). 3a). We found a 15.3% and 15.1% decrease in GWP when replacing the industrial route with either the 1min or 2min sonication scenario, respectively, and an impressive 21.5% decrease when sonication was avoided altogether. We made the assumption of proportionality between forces of decrement from cause i (or all causes except i) and the force of decrement from all other causes combined8,45. M.C.C., N.G., T.A. Depolymerization of polymers. Fifth, reductions in the health budget and changes in the health financing model are likely to affect health outcomes40. Lancet Glob. Phillips, T. Covid eruption in Brazils largest state leaves health workers begging for help. The synthetic polymer community created these impactful materials, and now, we must turn our attention towards technologies that facilitate their collection and recycling, to create a circular economy that is more sustainable7. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV - Nature Governance - Standard Action Projects (SAP) I progetti relativi a questa call devono essere orientati verso la garanzia di conformit alla legislazione dell'UE in materia di natura e biodiversit e l'accesso alla giustizia mediante: LIFE-2022-SAP-NAT-NATURE Gamta ir biologin vairov (angl. The estimated setback for e65 was overwhelming, equalling values last observed as far back as the early 2000s in most states in the North region and before 2000 in Amazonas, Par and Gois. Fagnani, D. E. et al. States in the North and Northeast have the worst indicators of income inequality, poverty, access to infrastructure and availability of physicians and hospital beds12,13. Although some cities temporarily closed some businesses in response to the unprecedented COVID-19 surge in early 2021, no financial support was provided from January to March 2021. An accomplished and highly motivated senior ABAP Developer. endobj A life cycle assessment demonstrates that the adhesives synthesized via this approach outcompete the same materials derived from petroleum feedstocks on nearly every metric, including carbon dioxide emissions and cumulative energy demand. EUROPE FACILITY. Frequently Asked Questions The Guardian. Rev. PDF Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) A. Google Scholar. Google Scholar. Correspondence to In the Northeast, however, the estimated decreases in life expectancy in 2020 are smaller than in the North. https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/super-absorbent-polymer-market (20152020). Castro, M. C. et al. Nat Commun 12, 4524 (2021). Natl Acad. J. Macromol. The complex viscosity again dropped several orders of magnitude over 24h, at which point no further changes were observed, again suggesting that most crosslinks have been hydrolyzed (Supplementary Fig. Science 372, 821826 (2021). Posta Elettronica Certificata (PEC): protocollo.ispra@ispra.legalmail.it, Kick-off meeting of the projet LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE TURTLENEST, https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/en/news/kick-off-meeting-of-the-projet-life-2021-sap-nat-nature-turtlenest, https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/en/news/kick-off-meeting-of-the-projet-life-2021-sap-nat-nature-turtlenest/@@download/image/carretta.png. Int. As many countries speed up vaccination coverage and witness declines in cases and deaths, Brazil lags behind. Several environmental impact categories were examined, but particular attention was paid to the global warming potential (GWP) and cumulative energy demand (CED). As a result, estimated e0 in Brazil in the presence of COVID-19 reflects levels observed in 2014 (Supplementary Table 10). On average, larger declines in e0 and e65 were estimated in the North regions and smaller in the South regions (Fig. PubMed Central https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/27/brazil-begins-parliamentary-inquiry-into-bolsonaros-covid-response (2021). We did not make any corrections for the under-registration of deaths. Different PSAs were targeted simply by varying the sonication times. Percentage loss due to COVID-19 mortality relative to increases in female and male e0 (a) and e65 (b) between 2000 and 2020 by state. Height influenced biomass accumulation and hence C gain, where life forms . Jul 13, 2021 Nature and Biodiversity ID:LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE Type of action: [object Object] Objective: To contribute to European Union objectives for the protection, maintenance and restoration of the Union's natural capital in its marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. Applicants wishing to apply for more than one topic, must submit a separate proposal under each topic. Robbie Morphew - SAP ABAP Developer - SEAT CODE | LinkedIn % a, Change (in years) in the femalemale gap in e0 and e65 based on the difference from life tables calculated for 2019 and 2020 by state and sex. We also used these period life tables to calculate the femalemale gap in e0 and e65 (Supplementary Table 7); the difference between the highest and lowest state life expectancies; the loss due to COVID-19 relative to increases in e0 and e65 (by sex and state) over the past two decades (20002020) (Supplementary Tables 8 and 9); and the setback in life expectancy due to COVID-19 identified by the years when the life expectancies estimated for 2020 and 2021 were last observed (Supplementary Table 10). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24488-9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24488-9. Biochem. A life cycle assessment was used to compare the routes that involved (i) no sonication, (ii) sonication for 1min (2.5% w/v) and (iii) sonication for 2min (5.0% w/v), including the workup steps, and will be described in more detail below. Krishna Reddy Mogulla - Industry Principal, Life Sciences - LinkedIn Second, in contrast to DT19 and DT20, the method based on the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 makes no assumption about independence of causes of death (that is, that the risks of dying from other causes are unaffected by the addition or elimination of COVID-19 mortality), an assumption that was almost certainly violated during the pandemic. %PDF-1.7 Applicants wishing to apply for more than one topic, must submit a separate proposal under each topic. 3, e1700782 (2017). 15), producing the relatively small estimates of life expectancy decline. et al. 7 April 2022 - Full Proposal. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. The main results presented in the text are based on differences between the 2019 and 2020 life tables, for two primary reasons. In summary, the death toll of COVID-19 in Brazil has been catastrophic. We also thank Prof. Charlie Brooks for providing GPU computing resources. g;"a"E^X @; Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. To obtain x:y*$J*e,=x QHM`zeF i(ED'*V[Xzd;KOtI102e2P\vto\jQ| Z M.C.C. Sci. These results demonstrate that solvent hydrophobicity improves conversion to the ester. April 2021 was the deadliest month since the pandemic began: nine capital cities reported more deaths than births, and, by 25 April, the number of COVID-19 deaths in 2021 surpassed that reported in 2020. As of 9 June 2021, COVID-19 has officially claimed more than 3.7 million lives worldwide, 48% of which were in the Americas. Commission has launched on 17 May 2022 the LIFE Programme Calls for proposals. Roberts, I. Italian Institute for Environmental LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature Governance Each project application under the call must address only one of these topics. interpreted the data. Excess mortality in Brazil: a detailed description of trends in mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Assuming that death rates would have been equal to 2019 all-cause rates in the absence of COVID-19, COVID-19 deaths in 2021 have already reduced e0 in 2021 by 1.8 years, which is slightly larger than the reduction estimated for 2020 under similar assumptions. Sonicating 2.5% and 5.0% w/v solutions of decrosslinked PAAP&G for 010min using a 20kHz sonication horn operating at full amplitude (100%) revealed rapid chain-shortening for the decrosslinked PAAP&G (Fig. Google Scholar. JAMA 324, 13911392 (2020). Lancet Glob. Polym. The rate of chain scission during sonication is directly proportional to the amount of chain entanglement during sonication35. ANDS with Nectar and RDS have a vision in 2018-19 to create the Australian Research Data Cloud - "an integrated data-intensive infrastructure system, incorporating physical infrastructure, policies, data, software, tools and support for researchers." Microwave-assisted hydrothermal decomposition of super absorbent polymers. Sap gui scripting python - yebsw.von-der-leuchtenburg.de However, this approach can lead to low yields due to competitive ester hydrolysis41,42 and catalyst deactivation by water43. sub-programme "Climate change mitigation and adaptation to change. What it lacks is leadership commitment to save lives. To summarize, we developed a facile and potentially scalable method to synthesize commercially relevant PSAs by open-loop recycling poly(acrylic acid) sourced from a leading diaper manufacturer. Labels above bars indicate the states with extreme (high and low) life expectancies in 2019 and 2020. Glacial acrylic acid (GAA), methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), n-butyl acrylate (BA) and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA). Reaction conditions for base-mediated and acid-catalyzed decrosslinking reactions with LCA comparison. https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/publications/the-new-plastics-economy-rethinking-the-future-of-plastics-catalysing-action (2017). Moreover, mechanical recycling cannot be used with polymers that do not reversibly melt (e.g., crosslinked polymers). xUmo@G9*R*S[u#>RejBG4aSgcwy2+`p3CJ)i Eng. Acc. We also calculated state inequalities in life expectancy, measured as the difference between the lowest and the highest state life expectancy, to assess changes due to COVID-19 (Methods). Genomics and epidemiology of the P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus, Brazil. Richard Ferrers - Research Data Analyst | A/Team Lead - LinkedIn Li, Q. et al. Managed the strategic partnerships with: Microsoft, Nokia, and NavTech. J. Phys. Across states, the largest declines were estimated for Amazonas (3.14 years), Amap (2.46 years) and Par (2.44 years). Commercial polyacrylate-based PSAs are often accessed via petroleum-sourced monomers (Fig. Noronha, K. V. M. S. et al. Expected deaths in the presence of COVID-19 are calculated by assuming that individuals who do not die of COVID-19 in 2020 and 2021 are subject to the mortality rates of 2019. J. Environ. Nmero 30 116 (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatsticaIBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenao de Populao e Indicadores Sociais, 2013). For all intervals except ages 01, 15 and 90+, the interval length n is 5 years wide.